Interlayer  for laminated glass and laminated glass

ABSTRACT

There is provided an interlayer film for laminated glass which is high in moisture resistance and has a moderate adhesive force. In the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention, when a process composed of sputtering and measurement by TOF-SIMS is performed n times, n Ratio n s of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin obtained from the first to n-th sputtering and measurement processes are collected to calculate an average value 1≤n≤10  of 10 values of Ratio 1≤n≤10  measured within a range of 1≤n≤10, furthermore, after the interlayer film is heated for 0.5 hours at 150° C., a process composed of sputtering and measurement by TOF-SIMS is performed q times, and q Ratio Heat q s of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin obtained from the first to q-th sputtering and measurement processes are collected to calculate an average value Heat 1≤q≤10  of 10 values of Ratio Heat 1≤q≤10  measured within a range of 1≤q≤10, the average value Heat 1≤q≤10  is smaller than the average value 1≤n≤10 .

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to an interlayer film for laminated glasswhich is used for obtaining laminated glass. Moreover, the presentinvention relates to laminated glass prepared with the interlayer filmfor laminated glass.

BACKGROUND ART

Since laminated glass generates only a small amount of scattering glassfragments even when subjected to external impact and broken, laminatedglass is excellent in safety. As such, the laminated glass is widelyused for automobiles, railway vehicles, aircraft, ships, buildings andthe like. The laminated glass is produced by sandwiching an interlayerfilm for laminated glass between a pair of glass plates.

Moreover, in order to adjust the adhesive force between an interlayerfilm and a glass plate, a compound containing magnesium is sometimesused. In general, since the adhesive force between an interlayer filmand a glass plate is too high, laminated glass fails to absorb theimpact at a collision when a human body or the like collides with thelaminated glass. As such, in order to weaken the adhesive force betweenan interlayer film and a glass plate, a compound containing magnesium isused.

As an example of the interlayer film for laminated glass prepared with acompound containing magnesium, the following Patent Document 1 disclosesa sound insulating layer including 100 parts by weight of a polyvinylacetal resin with an acetalization degree of 60 to 85% by mole, 0.001 to1.0 part by weight of at least one kind of metal salt among an alkalimetal salt and an alkaline earth metal salt, and a plasticizer in anamount greater than 30 parts by weight.

RELATED ART DOCUMENT Patent Document

Patent Document 1: JP 2007-070200 A

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention

Even when a compound containing magnesium is added in order to weakenthe adhesive force, the adhesive force sometimes fails to be lowered.Furthermore, there is a problem that the adhesive force of an interlayerfilm to a glass plate varies depending on the water content in theinterlayer film.

On the other hand, there is a problem that, when magnesium isexcessively added, this causes the moisture resistance of laminatedglass to be lowered.

In laminated glass prepared with a conventional interlayer film asdescribed in Patent Document 1, there is a problem that achieving bothhigh moisture resistance and moderate adhesive force is difficult.

Moreover, an interlayer film and laminated glass are used in variousenvironments and the interlayer film is sometimes changed in its watercontent. There is a problem that, when the interlayer film is changed inits water content, the adhesive force to a glass plate is liable tovary.

An object of the present invention is to provide an interlayer film forlaminated glass which is high in moisture resistance and has a moderateadhesive force. Moreover, the present invention is also aimed atproviding laminated glass prepared with the interlayer film forlaminated glass.

Means for Solving the Problems

According to a broad aspect of the present invention, there is providedan interlayer film for laminated glass having a one-layer structure or atwo or more-layer structure and containing a thermoplastic resin, when aportion on a first surface of the interlayer film is measured for Ratio₀of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin withthe use of TOF-SIMS, then, a sputtering and measurement process in whichthe first surface portion measured for Ratio₀ is subjected to sputteringone time and measured for Ratio of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/IonIntensity of Thermoplastic Resin with the use of TOF-SIMS is performed ntimes and n Ratio_(n)s of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin obtained from the first to n-th sputtering andmeasurement processes are collected to calculate an averagevalue_(1≤n≤10) of 10 values of Ratio_(1≤n≤10) measured within a range of1≤n≤10, furthermore, after the interlayer film is heated for 0.5 hoursat 150° C., a portion on the first surface of the interlayer film heatedis measured for Ratio_(Heat 0) of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/IonIntensity of Thermoplastic Resin with the use of TOF-SIMS, and then, asputtering and measurement process in which the first surface portionmeasured for Ratio_(Heat 0) is subjected to sputtering one time andmeasured for Ratio of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin with the use of TOF-SIMS is performed q times and qRatio_(Heat q)s of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin obtained from the first to q-th sputtering andmeasurement processes are collected to calculate an averagevalue_(Heat 1≤q≤10) of 10 values of Ratio_(Heat 1≤q≤10) measured withina range of 1≤q≤10, the average value_(Heat 1≤q≤10) being larger than theaverage value_(1≤n≤10).

In a specific aspect of the interlayer film for laminated glassaccording to the present invention, the largest value among 150 valuesof Ratio_(1≤n≤150) measured within a range of 1≤n≤150 is measured withina range of 2≤n≤150.

In a specific aspect of the interlayer film for laminated glassaccording to the present invention, the largest value among 150 valuesof Ratio_(1≤n≤150) measured within a range of 1≤n≤150 is measured withina range of 30≤n≤150.

In a specific aspect of the interlayer film for laminated glassaccording to the present invention, the content of magnesium in asurface layer positioned at the first surface side is 200 ppm or less.

In a specific aspect of the interlayer film for laminated glassaccording to the present invention, the content of potassium in asurface layer positioned at the first surface side is 50 ppm or less.

In a specific aspect of the interlayer film for laminated glassaccording to the present invention, a surface layer positioned at thefirst surface side contains magnesium acetate.

In a specific aspect of the interlayer film for laminated glassaccording to the present invention, the thermoplastic resin is apolyvinyl acetal resin.

In a specific aspect of the interlayer film for laminated glassaccording to the present invention, when a portion on a second surfaceof the interlayer film is Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin with the useof TOF-SIMS, then, a sputtering and measurement process in which thesecond surface portion measured for Ratio₀ is subjected to sputteringone time and measured for Ratio of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/IonIntensity of Thermoplastic Resin with the use of TOF-SIMS is performed mtimes and m Ratio_(m)s of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin obtained from the first to m-th sputtering andmeasurement processes are collected to calculate an averagevalue_(1≤m≤10) of 10 values of Ratio_(1≤m≤10) measured within a range of1≤m≤10, furthermore, after the interlayer film is heated for 0.5 hoursat 150° C., a portion on the second surface of the interlayer filmheated is measured for Ratio_(Heat 0) of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/IonIntensity of Thermoplastic Resin with the use of TOF-SIMS, and then, asputtering and measurement process in which the second surface portionmeasured for Ratio_(Heat 0) is subjected to sputtering one time andmeasured for Ratio of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin with the use of TOF-SIMS is performed p times and pRatio_(Heat p)s of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin obtained from the first to p-th sputtering andmeasurement processes are collected to calculate an averagevalue_(Heat 1≤p≤10) of 10 values of Ratio_(Heat 1≤p≤10) measured withina range of 1≤p≤10, the average value_(Heat 1≤p≤10) is larger than theaverage value_(1≤m≤10).

According to a broad aspect of the present invention, there is providedlaminated glass including a first lamination glass member, a secondlamination glass member and an interlayer film part arranged between thefirst lamination glass member and the second lamination glass member,the interlayer film part being formed of the above-described interlayerfilm for laminated glass.

Effect of the Invention

Since the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the presentinvention has a one-layer structure or a two or more-layer structure andcontains a thermoplastic resin and, when the first surface is measuredas above, n Ratio_(n)s of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin obtained from the first to n-th sputtering andmeasurement processes are collected to calculate an averagevalue_(1≤n≤10) of 10 values of Ratio_(1≤n≤10) measured within a range of1≤n≤10, furthermore, the first surface of the interlayer film heated for0.5 hours at 150° C. is measured as above, and q Ratio_(Heat q)s of IonIntensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin obtainedfrom the first to q-th sputtering and measurement processes arecollected to calculate an average value_(Heat 1≤q≤10) of 10 values ofRatio_(Heat 1≤q≤10) measured within a range of 1≤q≤10, the averagevalue_(Heat 1≤q≤10) is larger than the average value_(1≤n≤10), laminatedglass prepared with the interlayer film can be made to become high inmoisture resistance and to have a moderate adhesive force.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing an interlayer film forlaminated glass in accordance with a first embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view schematically showing an interlayer film forlaminated glass in accordance with a second embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view schematically showing an example of laminatedglass prepared with the interlayer film for laminated glass shown inFIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view schematically showing an example of laminatedglass prepared with the interlayer film for laminated glass shown inFIG. 2.

MODE(S) FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, the details of the present invention will be described.

The interlayer film for laminated glass (hereinafter, sometimesdescribed as the interlayer film) according to the present invention hasa one-layer structure or a two or more-layer structure. The interlayerfilm according to the present invention may have a one-layer structureand may have a two or more-layer structure. The interlayer filmaccording to the present invention may have a two-layer structure andmay have a three or more-layer structure. The interlayer film accordingto the present invention is provided with a first layer. The interlayerfilm according to the present invention may be a single-layeredinterlayer film provided with only the first layer and may be amulti-layered interlayer film provided with the first layer and anotherlayer.

The interlayer film according to the present invention contains athermoplastic resin. The interlayer film according to the presentinvention has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the firstsurface. The first surface and the second surface are oppositelydirected. The first surface is a surface on which a first laminationglass member is layered. The second surface is a surface on which asecond lamination glass member is layered.

With the use of TOF-SIMS, a portion on a first surface of the interlayerfilm according to the present invention is measured for Ratio₀ of IonIntensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin.

Next, a sputtering and measurement process in which the first surfaceportion measured for Ratio₀ is subjected to sputtering one time andmeasured for Ratio of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin with the use of TOF-SIMS is performed n times. nRatio_(n)s of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of ThermoplasticResin obtained from the first to n-th sputtering and measurementprocesses are collected.

For example, when the sputtering and measurement process is performed150 times, 150 Ratios of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin obtained from the first to 150th sputtering andmeasurement processes are collected. For example, in the secondsputtering and measurement process, the first surface portion measuredfor Ratio₁ is subjected to sputtering and measurement. In the thirdsputtering and measurement process, the first surface portion measuredfor Ratio₂ is subjected to sputtering and measurement.

Furthermore, an interlayer film after heating is also subjected tosputtering and measurement. An interlayer film is heated for 0.5 hoursat 150° C. With the use of TOF-SIMS, a portion on the first surface ofthe interlayer film heated is measured for Ratio_(Heat 0) of IonIntensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin.

Next, a sputtering and measurement process in which the first surfaceportion measured for Ratio_(Heat 0) is subjected to sputtering one timeand measured for Ratio of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin with the use of TOF-SIMS is performed q times. qRatio_(Heat q)s of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin obtained from the first to q-th sputtering andmeasurement processes are collected.

In this connection, a portion on the first surface to be subjected tomeasurement before the interlayer film is heated for 0.5 hours at 150°C. and a portion on the first surface to be subjected to measurementafter the interlayer film is heated for 0.5 hours at 150° C. exist onthe same surface at a surface layer side of the interlayer film, but thetwo portions exist at different locations.

In the interlayer film according to the present invention, (Number 1requirement) the average value_(Heat 1≤q≤10) of 10 values ofRatio_(Heat 1≤q≤10) measured within a range of 1≤q≤10 is larger than theaverage value_(1≤n≤10) of 10 values of Ratio_(1≤n≤n) measured within arange of 1≤n≤10.

In the present invention, by being provided with the above-mentionedconstitution, laminated glass prepared with the interlayer film can bemade to become high in moisture resistance and to have a moderateadhesive force. Even if the interlayer film is changed in its watercontent, the adhesive force can be moderately maintained.

In order to adjust the adhesive force between an interlayer film and aglass plate, a compound containing magnesium is sometimes used. Ingeneral, since the adhesive force between an interlayer film and a glassplate is too high, laminated glass fails to absorb the impact at acollision when a human body or the like collides with the laminatedglass. As such, in order to weaken the adhesive force between aninterlayer film and a glass plate, a compound containing magnesium isused.

However, even when a compound containing magnesium is added in order toweaken the adhesive force, the adhesive force sometimes fails to belowered. Furthermore, there is a problem that the adhesive force of aninterlayer film to a glass plate varies depending on the water contentin the interlayer film.

On the other hand, when magnesium is excessively added, there is aproblem that the moisture resistance of laminated glass is lowered.

The present inventors have found that a compound containing magnesium inan interlayer film moves through the interlayer film during anautoclaving process and the like at the time of producing laminatedglass.

Based on the findings, with regard to the constitution enablinglaminated glass to exhibit high moisture resistance and moderateadhesive force, the present inventors have found that an interlayer filmneeds only to satisfy the above-mentioned Number 1 requirement.

Furthermore, in the present invention, even when the interlayer film ischanged in its water content, moderate adhesive force can be maintained.In particular, even when the interlayer film is made to become high inits water content, moderate adhesive force can be maintained.

The interlayer film needs only to satisfy the above-mentioned Number 1requirement on the first surface thereof. High moisture resistance andmoderate adhesive force are attributed to the first surface andexhibited on the first surface side.

With the use of TOF-SIMS, a portion on a second surface of theinterlayer film according to the present invention is measured forRatio₀ of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of ThermoplasticResin.

Next, a sputtering and measurement process in which the second surfaceportion measured for Ratio₀ is subjected to sputtering one time andmeasured for Ratio of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin with the use of TOF-SIMS is performed m times. mRatio_(m)s of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of ThermoplasticResin obtained from the first to m-th sputtering and measurementprocesses are collected.

For example, when the sputtering and measurement process is performed150 times, 150 Ratios of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin obtained from the first to 150th sputtering andmeasurement processes are collected. For example, in the secondsputtering and measurement process, the second surface portion measuredfor Ratio₁ is subjected to sputtering and measurement. In the thirdsputtering and measurement process, the second surface portion measuredfor Ratio₂ is subjected to sputtering and measurement.

Furthermore, an interlayer film after heating is also subjected tosputtering and measurement. An interlayer film is heated for 0.5 hoursat 150° C. With the use of TOF-SIMS, a portion on the second surface ofthe interlayer film heated is measured for Ratio_(Heat 0) of IonIntensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin.

Next, a sputtering and measurement process in which the second surfaceportion measured for Ratio_(Heat 0) is subjected to sputtering one timeand measured for Ratio of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin with the use of TOF-SIMS is performed p times. pRatio_(Heat p)s of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin obtained from the first to p-th sputtering andmeasurement processes are collected.

In this connection, a portion on the second surface to be subjected tomeasurement before the interlayer film is heated for 0.5 hours at 150°C. and a portion on the second surface to be subjected to measurementafter the interlayer film is heated for 0.5 hours at 150° C. exist onthe same surface at a surface layer side of the interlayer film, but thetwo portions exist at different locations.

As a method of heating an interlayer film for 0.5 hours at 150° C., forexample, a method of placing a fluororesin sheet (“Article number 7-363”available from AS ONE Corporation, 5 mm in thickness) inside a hot airdryer (a program constant-temperature drying oven “Model type DO-600FPA”available from AS ONE Corporation) at 150° C. to be preheated for 20minutes and freely laying an interlayer film on the fluororesin sheetpreheated to be heated for 0.5 hours at 150° C. is preferred. Afterbeing heated for 0.5 hours at 150° C., it is preferred that theinterlayer film be spontaneously cooled to 23° C. and a portion on thefirst surface of the interlayer film heated be measured forRatio_(Heat 0) of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin (Polyvinyl Acetal Resin) with the use of TOF-SIMS.Next, it is preferred that a sputtering and measurement process in whichthe first surface portion measured for Ratio_(Heat 0) is subjected tosputtering one time and measured for Ratio of Ion Intensity ofMagnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin (Polyvinyl Acetal Resin)with the use of TOF-SIMS be performed q times and q Ratio_(Heat q)s ofIon Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin(Polyvinyl Acetal Resin) obtained from the first to q-th sputtering andmeasurement processes be collected. In this connection, a portion on thefirst surface to be subjected to measurement before the interlayer filmis heated for 0.5 hours at 150° C. and a portion on the first surface tobe subjected to measurement after the interlayer film is heated for 0.5hours at 150° C. exist on the same surface at a surface layer side ofthe interlayer film, but the two portions exist at different locations.Moreover, when a portion on the first surface is measured with TOF-SIMS,it is preferred that a surface at the opposite side of an interlayerfilm surface which has been brought into contact with the fluororesinsheet when the interlayer film is heated be the first surface. When aportion on the second surface of the interlayer film is measured, it ispreferred that the fluororesin sheet be brought into contact with thefirst surface of the interlayer film so as not to be brought intocontact with the second surface when the interlayer film is heated.

In the interlayer film according to the present invention, it ispreferred that (Number 1° requirement) the average value_(Heat 1≤p≤10)of 10 values of Ratio_(Heat 1≤p≤10) measured within a range of 1≤p≤10 belarger than the average value_(1≤m≤10) of 10 values of Ratio_(1≤m≤10)measured within a range of 1≤m≤10.

By making the interlayer film satisfy the Number 1 requirement andsatisfy the Number 1′ requirement on both surface sides thereof, highmoisture resistance and moderate adhesive force are attributed to bothof the first surface and the second surface and exhibited on both of thefirst surface side and the second surface side.

From the viewpoints of further enhancing the moisture resistance andeffectively adjusting the adhesive force within a moderate range, eachof the average value_(Heat 1≤p≤10) and the average value_(Heat 1≤q≤10)is preferably 0.0008 or more, more preferably 0.0012 or more, furtherpreferably 0.0040 or more, especially preferably 0.0060 or more,preferably 0.0150 or less, more preferably 0.0120 or less, and furtherpreferably 0.0100 or less.

From the viewpoints of further enhancing the moisture resistance andeffectively adjusting the adhesive force within a moderate range, eachof the absolute value of the difference between the averagevalue_(Heat 1≤p≤10) and the average value_(1≤n≤10) and the absolutevalue of the difference between the average value_(Heat 1≤q≤10) and theaverage value_(1≤m≤10) is preferably 0.0010 or more, more preferably0.0020 or more, further preferably 0.0030 or more, preferably 0.0090 orless, more preferably 0.0080 or less, and further preferably 0.0070 orless.

Examples of a method of making the interlayer film satisfy the Number 1requirement or the Number 1′ requirement include a method of using anextruder under a high temperature condition to shorten the time requiredfor kneading the raw material of an interlayer film, a method of washingan extrusion-molded interlayer film, a method of bringing an interlayerfilm extruded from a mold into contact with a cooling roll immediatelyto rapidly lower the surface temperature, and the like. As a method ofusing an extruder under a high temperature condition to shorten the timerequired for kneading the raw material of an interlayer film, forexample, a method of using an extruder at 150 to 250° C. to adjust thetime required for kneading the raw material of an interlayer film to be150 seconds or less is preferred. In a method of washing anextrusion-molded interlayer film, it is preferred that the interlayerfilm be washed several times. In a method of washing an extrusion-moldedinterlayer film, cold water, hot water, water vapor, and the like can beutilized to appropriately perform the washing.

From the viewpoints of further enhancing the moisture resistance andeffectively adjusting the adhesive force within a moderate range, thelargest value among 150 values of Ratio_(1≤n≤150) measured within arange of 1≤n≤150 is preferably measured within a range of 2≤n≤150. Fromthe viewpoints of further enhancing the moisture resistance andeffectively adjusting the adhesive force within a moderate range, thelargest value among 150 values of Ratio_(1≤n≤150) measured within arange of 1≤n≤150 is preferably measured within a range of 30≤n≤150 andmore preferably measured within a range of 50≤n≤145.

Specifically, measurement and analysis by TOF-SIMS (time-of-flightsecondary ion mass spectrometry) are performed as follows.

Using “TOF-SIMS 5” available from ION-TOF GmbH, the surface of aninterlayer film is measured by a dual beam method in which the Bi₃₊₊ iongun is adopted as a primary ion source for measurement and the C₆₀₊ ion(voltage: 20 keV, current 1 nA) is adopted as a sputter source forsputtering. The sputtering area is set to 800 μm×800 μm. The sputteranalysis area is set to 500 μm×500 μm. Since sputtering and measurementare alternately repeated, distribution of respective ions in the depthdirection from a surface can be evaluated.

The number of sputter times is taken as abscissa, the intensity ratio ofthe secondary ion in every sputtering is taken as ordinate, and measuredvalues are plotted. The relationship between the number of sputteringtimes and the secondary ion intensity is graphically shown to obtain adepth profile.

Specifically, measurement conditions for TOF-SIMS are as follows.

Primary ion: 25 keV, Bi₃₊₊, 0.1 to 0.2 pA (pulse current value), Randomscan mode

Primary ion scan range (measurement region): 500 μm×500 μm

Secondary ion detection mode: positive

Number of scans: 3 scan/cycle

(The flood gun is used for electrification correction)

<Sputtering Condition>

Sputtered ion: C₆₀₊ ion (1 nA, 20 keV)

Sputtering region: 800 μm×800 μm

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will bedescribed with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an interlayer film for laminated glass in accordance with afirst embodiment of the present invention schematically represented as asectional view.

An interlayer film 11 shown in FIG. 1 is a multi-layered interlayer filmhaving a two or more-layer structure. The interlayer film 11 is used forobtaining laminated glass. The interlayer film 11 is an interlayer filmfor laminated glass. The interlayer film 11 is provided with a firstlayer 1, a second layer 2, and a third layer 3. The second layer 2 isarranged on a first surface 1 a of the first layer 1 to be layeredthereon. The third layer 3 is arranged on a second surface 1 b oppositeto the first surface 1 a of the first layer 1 to be layered thereon. Thefirst layer 1 is an intermediate layer. Each of the second layer 2 andthe third layer 3 is a protective layer and is a surface layer in thepresent embodiment. The second layer 2 is a surface layer positioned atthe first surface 11 a side of the interlayer film 11. The second layer2 is a surface layer positioned at the second surface 11 b side of theinterlayer film 11.

The first layer 1 is arranged between the second layer 2 and the thirdlayer 3 to be sandwiched therebetween. Accordingly, the interlayer film11 has a multilayer structure (a second layer 2/a first layer 1/a thirdlayer 3) in which the second layer 2, the first layer 1, and the thirdlayer 3 are layered in this order.

In this connection, other layers may be arranged between the secondlayer 2 and the first layer 1 and between the first layer 1 and thethird layer 3, respectively. It is preferred that each of the secondlayer 2 and the third layer 3 be directly layered on the first layer 1.Examples of another layer include a layer containing polyethyleneterephthalate and the like.

FIG. 2 shows an interlayer film for laminated glass in accordance with asecond embodiment of the present invention schematically represented asa sectional view.

The interlayer film 11A shown in FIG. 2 is a single-layered interlayerfilm having a one-layer structure. The interlayer film 11A is singlyconstituted by a first layer. The interlayer film 11A is used forobtaining laminated glass. The interlayer film 11A is an interlayer filmfor laminated glass. The interlayer film 11A is a surface layerpositioned at the first surface 11 a side of the interlayer film 11A andis also a surface layer positioned at the second surface 11 b side ofthe interlayer film 11A.

Hereinafter, the details of the first layer, the second layer and thethird layer which constitute the interlayer film according to thepresent invention, and the details of each ingredient contained in thefirst layer, the second layer and the third layer will be described.

(Polyvinyl Acetal Resin or Thermoplastic Resin)

The first layer preferably contains a thermoplastic resin (hereinafter,sometimes described as a thermoplastic resin (1)) and preferablycontains a polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter, sometimes described as apolyvinyl acetal resin (1)) as the thermoplastic resin (1). The secondlayer preferably contains a thermoplastic resin (hereinafter, sometimesdescribed as a thermoplastic resin (2)) and preferably contains apolyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter, sometimes described as a polyvinylacetal resin (2)) as the thermoplastic resin (2). The third layerpreferably contains a thermoplastic resin (hereinafter, sometimesdescribed as a thermoplastic resin (3)) and preferably contains apolyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter, sometimes described as a polyvinylacetal resin (3)) as the thermoplastic resin (3). Although the polyvinylacetal resin (1), the polyvinyl acetal resin (2), and the polyvinylacetal resin (3) may be the same as or different from one another, it ispreferred that the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) be different from thepolyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) becausethe sound insulating properties are further heightened. Thethermoplastic resin (2) and the thermoplastic resin (3) may be the sameas or different from each other. One kind of each of the polyvinylacetal resin (1), the polyvinyl acetal resin (2), and the polyvinylacetal resin (3) may be used alone, and two or more kinds thereof may beused in combination. One kind of each of the thermoplastic resin (2) andthe thermoplastic resin (3) may be used alone, and two or more kindsthereof may be used in combination.

Examples of the thermoplastic resin include a polyvinyl acetal resin, anethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, an ethylene-acrylic acidcopolymer resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, andthe like. Thermoplastic resins other than these may be used.

For example, the polyvinyl acetal resin can be produced by acetalizingpolyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde. It is preferred that the polyvinylacetal resin be an acetalized product of polyvinyl alcohol. For example,the polyvinyl alcohol can be obtained by saponifying polyvinyl acetate.The saponification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol generally fallswithin the range of 70 to 99.9% by mole.

The average polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) ispreferably 200 or more, more preferably 500 or more, even morepreferably 1500 or more, further preferably 1600 or more, especiallypreferably 2600 or more, most preferably 2700 or more, preferably 5000or less, more preferably 4000 or less and further preferably 3500 orless. When the average polymerization degree is the above lower limit ormore, the penetration resistance of laminated glass is further enhanced.When the average polymerization degree is the above upper limit or less,formation of an interlayer film is facilitated.

The average polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is determinedby a method in accordance with JIS K6726 “Testing methods for polyvinylalcohol”.

It is preferred that the number of carbon atoms of the acetal group inthe polyvinyl acetal resin lie within the range of 3 to 5, and it ispreferred that the number of carbon atoms of the acetal group be 4 or 5.

In general, as the aldehyde, an aldehyde with 1 to 10 carbon atoms issuitably used. Examples of the aldehyde with 1 to 10 carbon atomsinclude formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde,isobutyraldehyde, n-valeraldehyde, 2-ethylbutyraldehyde,n-hexylaldehyde, n-octylaldehyde, n-nonylaldehyde, n-decylaldehyde,benzaldehyde, and the like. Of these, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde,n-butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, n-hexylaldehyde or n-valeraldehyde ispreferred, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde,isobutyraldehyde or n-valeraldehyde is more preferred, andn-butyraldehyde or n-valeraldehyde is more preferred. One kind of thealdehyde may be used alone, and two or more kinds thereof may be used incombination.

The content of the hydroxyl group (the amount of hydroxyl groups) of thepolyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably 17% by mole or more, morepreferably 20% by mole or more, further preferably 22% by mole or more,preferably 30% by mole or less, more preferably less than 27% by mole,and further preferably 25% by mole or less. When the content of thehydroxyl group is the above lower limit or more, the adhesive force ofthe interlayer film is further heightened. In particular, when thecontent of the hydroxyl group of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is 20%by mole or more, the resin is high in reaction efficiency and isexcellent in productivity, and moreover, when less than 27% by mole, thesound insulating properties of laminated glass are further heightened.Moreover, when the content of the hydroxyl group is the above upperlimit or less, the flexibility of the interlayer film is enhanced andthe handling of the interlayer film is facilitated.

In the case where the interlayer film is single-layered or the casewhere the first layer is an outermost layer of the interlayer film, thecontent of the hydroxyl group (the amount of hydroxyl groups) of thepolyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably 25% by mole or more, morepreferably 27% by mole or more, further preferably 29% by mole or more,preferably 38% by mole or less, more preferably 36% by mole or less,further preferably 34% by mole or less, and especially preferably 32% bymole or less. When the content of the hydroxyl group is the above lowerlimit or more, the mechanical strength of the interlayer film is furtherheightened. In particular, when the content of the hydroxyl group of thepolyvinyl acetal resin (1) is 27% by mole or more, the resin is high inreaction efficiency and is excellent in productivity. Moreover, when thecontent of the hydroxyl group is the above upper limit or less, theflexibility of the interlayer film is enhanced and the handling of theinterlayer film is facilitated.

The content of the hydroxyl group of each of the polyvinyl acetal resin(2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 25% by mole ormore, more preferably 28% by mole or more, more preferably 30% by moleor more, even more preferably 31.5% by mole or more, further preferably32% by mole or more, especially preferably 33% by mole or more,preferably 37% by mole or less, more preferably 36.5% by mole or less,and further preferably 36% by mole or less. When the content of thehydroxyl group is the above lower limit or more, the adhesive force ofthe interlayer film is further heightened. Moreover, when the content ofthe hydroxyl group is the above upper limit or less, the flexibility ofthe interlayer film is enhanced and the handling of the interlayer filmis facilitated.

From the viewpoint of further heightening the sound insulatingproperties, it is preferred that the content of the hydroxyl group ofthe polyvinyl acetal resin (1) be lower than the content of the hydroxylgroup of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2). From the viewpoint of stillfurther heightening the sound insulating properties, the absolute valueof the difference between the content of the hydroxyl group of thepolyvinyl acetal resin (1) and the content of the hydroxyl group of thepolyvinyl acetal resin (2) is preferably 1% by mole or more, morepreferably 5% by mole or more, further preferably 9% by mole or more,especially preferably 10% by mole or more, and most preferably 12% bymole or more. The absolute value of the difference between the contentof the hydroxyl group of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) and the contentof the hydroxyl group of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) is preferably20% by mole or less.

The content of the hydroxyl group of the polyvinyl acetal resin is amole fraction, represented in percentage, obtained by dividing theamount of ethylene groups to which the hydroxyl group is bonded by thetotal amount of ethylene groups in the main chain. For example, theamount of ethylene groups to which the hydroxyl group is bonded can bemeasured in accordance with JIS K6728 “Testing methods for polyvinylbutyral”.

The acetylation degree (the amount of acetyl groups) of the polyvinylacetal resin (1) is preferably 0.01% by mole or more, more preferably0.1% by mole or more, even more preferably 7% by mole or more, furtherpreferably 9% by mole or more, preferably 30% by mole or less, morepreferably 25% by mole or less, and further preferably 24% by mole orless. When the acetylation degree is the above lower limit or more, thecompatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer isheightened. When the acetylation degree is the above upper limit orless, with regard to the interlayer film and laminated glass, themoisture resistance thereof is enhanced. In particular, when theacetylation degree of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is 0.1% by mole ormore and 25% by mole or less, the resulting laminated glass is excellentin penetration resistance.

In the case where the interlayer film is single-layered or the casewhere the first layer is an outermost layer of the interlayer film, theacetylation degree (the amount of acetyl groups) of the polyvinyl acetalresin (1) is preferably 0.01% by mole or more, more preferably 0.1% bymole or more, even more preferably 0.5% by mole or more, furtherpreferably 0.8% by mole or more, preferably 10% by mole or less, morepreferably 5% by mole or less, and further preferably 3% by mole orless. When the acetylation degree is the above lower limit or more, thecompatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer isheightened. When the acetylation degree is the above upper limit orless, with regard to the interlayer film and laminated glass, themoisture resistance thereof is enhanced.

The acetylation degree of each of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and thepolyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 0.01% by mole or more, morepreferably 0.5% by mole or more, preferably 10% by mole or less, andmore preferably 2% by mole or less. When the acetylation degree is theabove lower limit or more, the compatibility between the polyvinylacetal resin and a plasticizer is heightened. When the acetylationdegree is the above upper limit or less, with regard to the interlayerfilm and laminated glass, the moisture resistance thereof is enhanced.

The acetylation degree is a mole fraction, represented in percentage,obtained by dividing the amount of ethylene groups to which the acetylgroup is bonded by the total amount of ethylene groups in the mainchain. For example, the amount of ethylene groups to which the acetylgroup is bonded can be measured in accordance with JIS K6728 “Testingmethods for polyvinyl butyral”.

The acetalization degree of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) (thebutyralization degree in the case of a polyvinyl butyral resin) ispreferably 47% by mole or more, more preferably 60% by mole or more,preferably 85% by mole or less, more preferably 80% by mole or less andfurther preferably 75% by mole or less. When the acetalization degree isthe above lower limit or more, the compatibility between the polyvinylacetal resin and a plasticizer is heightened. When the acetalizationdegree is the above upper limit or less, the reaction time required forproducing the polyvinyl acetal resin is shortened.

In the case where the interlayer film is single-layered or the casewhere the first layer is an outermost layer of the interlayer film, theacetalization degree of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) (thebutyralization degree in the case of a polyvinyl butyral resin) ispreferably 60% by mole or more, more preferably 65% by mole or more,preferably 72% by mole or less, more preferably 70% by mole or less, andfurther preferably 69% by mole or less. When the acetalization degree isthe above lower limit or more, the compatibility between the polyvinylacetal resin and a plasticizer is heightened. When the acetalizationdegree is the above upper limit or less, the reaction time required forproducing the polyvinyl acetal resin is shortened.

The acetalization degree of each of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) andthe polyvinyl acetal resin (3) (the butyralization degree in the case ofa polyvinyl butyral resin) is preferably 55% by mole or more, morepreferably 60% by mole or more, preferably 75% by mole or less and morepreferably 71% by mole or less. When the acetalization degree is theabove lower limit or more, the compatibility between the polyvinylacetal resin and a plasticizer is heightened. When the acetalizationdegree is the above upper limit or less, the reaction time required forproducing the polyvinyl acetal resin is shortened.

The acetalization degree is a mole fraction, represented in percentage,obtained by dividing a value obtained by subtracting the amount ofethylene groups to which the hydroxyl group is bonded and the amount ofethylene groups to which the acetyl group is bonded from the totalamount of ethylene groups in the main chain by the total amount ofethylene groups in the main chain.

In this connection, it is preferred that the content of the hydroxylgroup (the amount of hydroxyl groups), the acetalization degree (thebutyralization degree) and the acetylation degree be calculated from theresults measured by a method in accordance with JIS K6728 “Testingmethods for polyvinyl butyral”. In this context, a method in accordancewith ASTM D1396-92 may be used. When the polyvinyl acetal resin is apolyvinyl butyral resin, the content of the hydroxyl group (the amountof hydroxyl groups), the acetalization degree (the butyralizationdegree) and the acetylation degree can be calculated from the resultsmeasured by a method in accordance with JIS K6728 “Testing methods forpolyvinyl butyral”.

From the viewpoint of further improving the penetration resistance oflaminated glass, it is preferred that the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) bea polyvinyl acetal resin (A) with an acetylation degree (a) of less than8% by mole and an acetalization degree (a) of 65% by mole or more or apolyvinyl acetal resin (B) with an acetylation degree (b) of 8% by moleor more. Each of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetalresin (3) may be the polyvinyl acetal resin (A) and may be the polyvinylacetal resin (B).

The acetylation degree (a) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (A) is lessthan 8% by mole, preferably 7.9% by mole or less, more preferably 7.8%by mole or less, further preferably 6.5% by mole or less, especiallypreferably 6% by mole or less, preferably 0.1% by mole or more, morepreferably 0.5% by mole or more, further preferably 5% by mole or moreand especially preferably 5.5% by mole or more. When the acetylationdegree (a) is 0.1% by mole or more and less than 8% by mole, thetransfer of a plasticizer can be easily controlled and the soundinsulating properties of laminated glass are further heightened.

The acetalization degree (a) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (A) is 65% bymole or more, preferably 66% by mole or more, more preferably 67% bymole or more, further preferably 67.5% by mole or more, especiallypreferably 75% by mole or more, preferably 85% by mole or less, morepreferably 84% by mole or less, further preferably 83% by mole or lessand especially preferably 82% by mole or less. When the acetalizationdegree (a) is the above lower limit or more, the sound insulatingproperties of laminated glass are further heightened. When theacetalization degree (a) is the above upper limit or less, the reactiontime required for producing the polyvinyl acetal resin (A) can beshortened.

The content (a) of the hydroxyl group of the polyvinyl acetal resin (A)is preferably 18% by mole or more, more preferably 19% by mole or more,further preferably 20% by mole or more, especially preferably 21% bymole or more, most preferably 23% by mole or more, preferably 31% bymole or less, more preferably 30% by mole or less, further preferably29% by mole or less and especially preferably 28% by mole or less. Whenthe content (a) of the hydroxyl group is the above lower limit or more,the adhesive force of the first layer is further heightened. When thecontent (a) of the hydroxyl group is the above upper limit or less, thesound insulating properties of laminated glass are further heightened.

The acetylation degree (b) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (B) is 8% bymole or more, preferably 9% by mole or more, more preferably 9.5% bymole or more, further preferably 10% by mole or more, especiallypreferably 10.5% by mole or more, preferably 30% by mole or less, morepreferably 28% by mole or less, further preferably 26% by mole or lessand especially preferably 24% by mole or less. When the acetylationdegree (b) is the above lower limit or more, the sound insulatingproperties of laminated glass are further heightened. When theacetylation degree (b) is the above upper limit or less, the reactiontime required for producing the polyvinyl acetal resin (B) can beshortened.

The acetalization degree (b) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (B) ispreferably 50% by mole or more, more preferably 53% by mole or more,further preferably 55% by mole or more, especially preferably 60% bymole or more, preferably 78% by mole or less, more preferably 75% bymole or less, further preferably 72% by mole or less and especiallypreferably 70% by mole or less. When the acetalization degree (b) is theabove lower limit or more, the sound insulating properties of laminatedglass are further heightened. When the acetalization degree (b) is theabove upper limit or less, the reaction time required for producing thepolyvinyl acetal resin (B) can be shortened.

The content (b) of the hydroxyl group of the polyvinyl acetal resin (B)is preferably 18% by mole or more, more preferably 19% by mole or more,further preferably 20% by mole or more, especially preferably 21% bymole or more, most preferably 23% by mole or more, preferably 31% bymole or less, more preferably 30% by mole or less, further preferably29% by mole or less and especially preferably 28% by mole or less. Whenthe content (b) of the hydroxyl group is the above lower limit or more,the adhesive force of the first layer is further heightened. When thecontent (b) of the hydroxyl group is the above upper limit or less, thesound insulating properties of laminated glass are further heightened.

It is preferred that each of the polyvinyl acetal resin (A) and thepolyvinyl acetal resin (B) be a polyvinyl butyral resin.

(Plasticizer)

It is preferred that the first layer (including a single-layeredinterlayer film) contain a plasticizer (hereinafter, sometimes describedas a plasticizer (1)). It is preferred that the second layer contain aplasticizer (hereinafter, sometimes described as a plasticizer (2)). Itis preferred that the third layer contain a plasticizer (hereinafter,sometimes described as a plasticizer (3)). By the use of the plasticizeror by using a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer together, theadhesive force of a layer containing the polyvinyl acetal resin and theplasticizer to a lamination glass member or another layer is moderatelyheightened. The plasticizer is not particularly limited. The plasticizer(1), the plasticizer (2) and the plasticizer (3) may be the same as ordifferent from one another. One kind of each of the plasticizer (1), theplasticizer (2) and the plasticizer (3) may be used alone, and two ormore kinds thereof may be used in combination.

Examples of the plasticizer include organic ester plasticizers such as amonobasic organic acid ester and a polybasic organic acid ester, organicphosphate plasticizers such as an organic phosphate plasticizer and anorganic phosphite plasticizer, and the like. Of these, organic esterplasticizers are preferred. It is preferred that the plasticizer be aliquid plasticizer.

Examples of the monobasic organic acid ester include a glycol esterobtained by the reaction of a glycol with a monobasic organic acid, andthe like. Examples of the glycol include triethylene glycol,tetraethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, and the like. Examples of themonobasic organic acid include butyric acid, isobutyric acid, caproicacid, 2-ethylbutyric acid, heptanoic acid, n-octylic acid,2-ethylhexanoic acid, n-nonylic acid, decanoic acid, and the like.

Examples of the polybasic organic acid ester include an ester compoundof a polybasic organic acid and an alcohol having a linear or branchedstructure of 4 to 8 carbon atoms. Examples of the polybasic organic acidinclude adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, and the like.

Examples of the organic ester plasticizer include triethylene glycoldi-2-ethylpropanoate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethyleneglycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, triethylene glycol dicaprylate, triethyleneglycol di-n-octanoate, triethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethyleneglycol di-n-heptanoate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl azelate, dibutylcarbitol adipate, ethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,3-propyleneglycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,4-butylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate,diethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, diethylene glycoldi-2-ethylhexanoate, dipropylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethyleneglycol di-2-ethylpentanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate,diethylene glycol dicaprylate, dihexyl adipate, dioctyl adipate, hexylcyclohexyl adipate, a mixture of heptyl adipate and nonyl adipate,diisononyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, heptyl nonyl adipate, dibutylsebacate, oil-modified sebacic alkyds, a mixture of a phosphoric acidester and an adipic acid ester, and the like. Organic ester plasticizersother than these may be used. Other adipic acid esters other than theabove-described adipic acid esters may be used.

Examples of the organic phosphate plasticizer include tributoxyethylphosphate, isodecyl phenyl phosphate, triisopropyl phosphate, and thelike.

It is preferred that the plasticizer be a diester plasticizerrepresented by the following formula (1).

In the foregoing formula (1), R1 and R2 each represent an organic groupwith 2 to 10 carbon atoms, R3 represents an ethylene group, anisopropylene group or an n-propylene group, and p represents an integerof 3 to 10. It is preferred that R1 and R2 in the foregoing formula (1)each be an organic group with 5 to 10 carbon atoms, and it is morepreferred that R1 and R2 each be an organic group with 6 to 10 carbonatoms.

It is preferred that the plasticizer include triethylene glycoldi-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO), triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate (3GH)or triethylene glycol di-2-ethylpropanoate, it is more preferred thatthe plasticizer include triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate ortriethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, and it is further preferred thatthe plasticizer include triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate.

Each of the content of the plasticizer (2) (hereinafter, sometimesdescribed as the content (2)) relative to 100 parts by weight of thethermoplastic resin (2) (100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl acetal resin(2) when the thermoplastic resin (2) is the polyvinyl acetal resin (2))and the content of the plasticizer (3) (hereinafter, sometimes describedas the content (3)) relative to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplasticresin (3) (100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl acetal resin (3) when thethermoplastic resin (3) is the polyvinyl acetal resin (3)) is preferably10 parts by weight or more, more preferably 15 parts by weight or more,preferably 45 parts by weight or less, more preferably 40 parts byweight or less, further preferably 35 parts by weight or less,especially preferably 32 parts by weight or less, and most preferably 30parts by weight or less. When the content (2) and the content (3) arethe above lower limit or more, the flexibility of the interlayer film isenhanced and the handling of the interlayer film is facilitated. Whenthe content (2) and the content (3) are the above upper limit or less,the penetration resistance of laminated glass is further enhanced.

The content of the plasticizer (1) (hereinafter, sometimes described asthe content (1)) relative to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplasticresin (1) (100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl acetal resin (1) when thethermoplastic resin (1) is the polyvinyl acetal resin (1)) is preferably50 parts by weight or more, more preferably 55 parts by weight or more,further preferably 60 parts by weight or more, preferably 90 parts byweight or less, more preferably 85 parts by weight or less, and furtherpreferably 80 parts by weight or less. When the content (1) is the abovelower limit or more, the flexibility of the interlayer film is enhancedand the handling of the interlayer film is facilitated. When the content(1) is the above upper limit or less, the penetration resistance oflaminated glass is further enhanced.

In the case where the interlayer film is single-layered or the casewhere the first layer is an outermost layer of the interlayer film, thecontent of the plasticizer (1) (hereinafter, sometimes described as thecontent (1)) relative to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin(1) (100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl acetal resin (1) when thethermoplastic resin (1) is the polyvinyl acetal resin (1)) is preferably20 parts by weight or more, more preferably 25 parts by weight or more,further preferably 30 parts by weight or more, especially preferably 35parts by weight or more, preferably 50 parts by weight or less, morepreferably 45 parts by weight or less, and further preferably 40 partsby weight or less. When the content (1) is the above lower limit ormore, the flexibility of the interlayer film is enhanced and thehandling of the interlayer film is facilitated. When the content (1) isthe above upper limit or less, the penetration resistance of laminatedglass is further enhanced.

For the purpose of heightening the sound insulating properties oflaminated glass, it is preferred that the content (1) be larger than thecontent (2) and it is preferred that the content (1) be larger than thecontent (3). In particular, from the viewpoint of further heighteningthe sound insulating properties of laminated glass, each of the absolutevalue of the difference between the content (2) and the content (1) andthe absolute value of the difference between the content (3) and thecontent (1) is preferably 10 parts by weight or more, more preferably 15parts by weight or more, and further preferably 20 parts by weight ormore. Each of the absolute value of the difference between the content(2) and the content (1) and the absolute value of the difference betweenthe content (3) and the content (1) is preferably 80 parts by weight orless, more preferably 75 parts by weight or less, and further preferably70 parts by weight or less.

(Heat Shielding Compound)

It is preferred that the interlayer film include a heat shieldingcompound. It is preferred that the first layer contain a heat shieldingcompound. It is preferred that the second layer contain a heat shieldingcompound. It is preferred that the third layer contain a heat shieldingcompound. One kind of the heat shielding compound may be used alone, andtwo or more kinds thereof may be used in combination.

Ingredient X:

It is preferred that the interlayer film include at least one kind ofIngredient X among a phthalocyanine compound, a naphthalocyaninecompound and an anthracyanine compound. It is preferred that the firstlayer contain the Ingredient X. It is preferred that the second layercontain the Ingredient X. It is preferred that the third layer containthe Ingredient X. The Ingredient X is a heat shielding compound. Onekind of the Ingredient X may be used alone, and two or more kindsthereof may be used in combination.

The Ingredient X is not particularly limited. As the Ingredient X,conventionally known phthalocyanine compound, naphthalocyanine compoundand anthracyanine compound can be used.

With regard to the interlayer film and laminated glass, from theviewpoint of further enhancing the heat shielding properties thereof, itis preferred that the Ingredient X be at least one kind selected fromthe group consisting of phthalocyanine, a derivative of phthalocyanine,naphthalocyanine and a derivative of naphthalocyanine, and it is morepreferred that the Ingredient X be at least one kind amongphthalocyanine and a derivative of phthalocyanine.

From the viewpoints of effectively enhancing the heat shieldingproperties and maintaining the visible light transmittance at a higherlevel over a long period of time, it is preferred that the Ingredient Xcontain vanadium atoms or copper atoms. It is preferred that theIngredient X contain vanadium atoms and it is also preferred that theIngredient X contain copper atoms. It is more preferred that theIngredient X be at least one kind among phthalocyanine containingvanadium atoms or copper atoms and a derivative of phthalocyaninecontaining vanadium atoms or copper atoms. With regard to the interlayerfilm and laminated glass, from the viewpoint of still further enhancingthe heat shielding properties thereof, it is preferred that theIngredient X have a structural unit in which an oxygen atom is bonded toa vanadium atom.

In 100% by weight of a layer containing the Ingredient X (a first layer,a second layer or a third layer), the content of the Ingredient X ispreferably 0.001% by weight or more, more preferably 0.005% by weight ormore, further preferably 0.01% by weight or more, especially preferably0.02% by weight or more, preferably 0.2% by weight or less, morepreferably 0.1% by weight or less, further preferably 0.05% by weight orless and especially preferably 0.04% by weight or less. When the contentof the Ingredient X is the above lower limit or more and the above upperlimit or less, the heat shielding properties are sufficiently enhancedand the visible light transmittance is sufficiently heightened. Forexample, it is possible to make the visible light transmittance 70% ormore.

Heat Shielding Particles:

It is preferred that the interlayer film include heat shieldingparticles. It is preferred that the first layer contain the heatshielding particles. It is preferred that the second layer contain theheat shielding particles. It is preferred that the third layer containthe heat shielding particles. The heat shielding particle is of a heatshielding compound. By the use of heat shielding particles, infraredrays (heat rays) can be effectively cut off. One kind of the heatshielding particles may be used alone, and two or more kinds thereof maybe used in combination.

From the viewpoint of further heightening the heat shielding propertiesof laminated glass, it is more preferred that the heat shieldingparticles be metal oxide particles. It is preferred that the heatshielding particle be a particle (a metal oxide particle) formed from anoxide of a metal.

The energy amount of an infrared ray with a wavelength of 780 nm orlonger which is longer than that of visible light is small as comparedwith an ultraviolet ray. However, the thermal action of infrared rays islarge, and when infrared rays are absorbed into a substance, heat isreleased from the substance. As such, infrared rays are generally calledheat rays. By the use of the heat shielding particles, infrared rays(heat rays) can be effectively cut off. In this connection, the heatshielding particle means a particle capable of absorbing infrared rays.

Specific examples of the heat shielding particles include metal oxideparticles such as aluminum-doped tin oxide particles, indium-doped tinoxide particles, antimony-doped tin oxide particles (ATO particles),gallium-doped zinc oxide particles (GZO particles), indium-doped zincoxide particles (IZO particles), aluminum-doped zinc oxide particles(AZO particles), niobium-doped titanium oxide particles, sodium-dopedtungsten oxide particles, cesium-doped tungsten oxide particles,thallium-doped tungsten oxide particles, rubidium-doped tungsten oxideparticles, tin-doped indium oxide particles (ITO particles), tin-dopedzinc oxide particles and silicon-doped zinc oxide particles, lanthanumhexaboride (LaB₆) particles, and the like. Heat shielding particlesother than these may be used. Of these, since the heat ray shieldingfunction is high, preferred are metal oxide particles, more preferredare ATO particles, GZO particles, IZO particles, ITO particles ortungsten oxide particles, and especially preferred are ITO particles ortungsten oxide particles. In particular, since the heat ray shieldingfunction is high and the particles are readily available, preferred aretin-doped indium oxide particles (ITO particles), and also preferred aretungsten oxide particles.

With regard to the interlayer film and laminated glass, from theviewpoint of further enhancing the heat shielding properties thereof, itis preferred that the tungsten oxide particles be metal-doped tungstenoxide particles. Examples of the “tungsten oxide particles” includemetal-doped tungsten oxide particles. Specifically, examples of themetal-doped tungsten oxide particles include sodium-doped tungsten oxideparticles, cesium-doped tungsten oxide particles, thallium-dopedtungsten oxide particles, rubidium-doped tungsten oxide particles, andthe like.

With regard to the interlayer film and laminated glass, from theviewpoint of further enhancing the heat shielding properties thereof,cesium-doped tungsten oxide particles are especially preferred. Withregard to the interlayer film and laminated glass, from the viewpoint ofstill further enhancing the heat shielding properties thereof, it ispreferred that the cesium-doped tungsten oxide particles be tungstenoxide particles represented by the formula: Cs_(0.33)WO₃.

The average particle diameter of the heat shielding particles ispreferably 0.01 μm or more, more preferably 0.02 μm or more, preferably0.1 μm or less and more preferably 0.05 μm or less. When the averageparticle diameter is the above lower limit or more, the heat rayshielding properties are sufficiently heightened. When the averageparticle diameter is the above upper limit or less, the dispersibilityof heat shielding particles is enhanced.

The “average particle diameter” refers to the volume average particlediameter. The average particle diameter can be measured using a particlesize distribution measuring apparatus (“UPA-EX150” available fromNIKKISO CO., LTD.), or the like.

In 100% by weight of a layer containing the heat shielding particles (afirst layer, a second layer or a third layer), each content of the heatshielding particles is preferably 0.01% by weight or more, morepreferably 0.1% by weight or more, further preferably 1% by weight ormore, especially preferably 1.5% by weight or more, preferably 6% byweight or less, more preferably 5.5% by weight or less, furtherpreferably 4% by weight or less, especially preferably 3.5% by weight orless and most preferably 3% by weight or less. When the content of theheat shielding particles is the above lower limit or more and the aboveupper limit or less, the heat shielding properties are sufficientlyenhanced and the visible light transmittance is sufficiently heightened.

(Metal Salt)

The interlayer film, a surface layer positioned at the first surfaceside of the interlayer film, and a surface layer positioned at thesecond surface side of the interlayer film contain magnesium. It ispreferred that the surface layer contain a compound containing magnesiumand it is preferred that the compound containing magnesium be amagnesium salt (hereinafter, sometimes described as Metal salt M). Bymaking the interlayer film, the surface layer positioned at the firstsurface side of the interlayer film, and the surface layer positioned atthe second surface side of the interlayer film contain magnesium, theadhesive force can be moderately adjusted. It is preferred that theinterlayer film include at least one kind of metal salt among an alkalimetal salt and an alkaline earth metal salt other than the Metal salt M.It is preferred that the first layer contain the Metal salt M. It ispreferred that the second layer contain the Metal salt M. It ispreferred that the third layer contain the Metal salt M. By the use ofthe Metal salt M, controlling the adhesivity between the interlayer filmand a lamination glass member or the adhesivity between respectivelayers in the interlayer film is facilitated. One kind of the Metal saltM may be used alone and two or more kinds thereof may be used incombination.

It is further preferred that the Metal salt M be a magnesium carboxylatewith 2 to 16 carbon atoms. Although the magnesium carboxylate with 2 to16 carbon atoms is not particularly limited, examples thereof includemagnesium acetate, magnesium propionate, magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate,magnesium 2-ethylhexanoate, and the like.

It is preferred that a potassium salt as at least one kind of metal saltamong an alkali metal salt and an alkaline earth metal salt be containedtherein and it is more preferred that a potassium carboxylate with 2 to16 carbon atoms be contained therein. Although the potassium carboxylatewith 2 to 16 carbon atoms is not particularly limited, examples thereofinclude potassium acetate, potassium propionate, potassium2-ethylbutanoate, potassium 2-ethylhexanoate, and the like.

From the viewpoint of effectively enhancing the moisture resistance andthe penetration resistance, it is preferred that a compound containingmagnesium be contained in the interlayer film, the surface layerpositioned at the first surface side of the interlayer film, and thesurface layer positioned at the second surface side of the interlayerfilm and it is more preferred that magnesium acetate be containedtherein.

From the viewpoint of effectively enhancing the moisture resistance andthe penetration resistance, it is preferred that potassium be containedin the interlayer film, the surface layer positioned at the firstsurface side of the interlayer film, and the surface layer positioned atthe second surface side of the interlayer film. From the viewpoint ofeffectively enhancing the moisture resistance and the penetrationresistance, it is preferred that a compound containing potassium becontained in the interlayer film, the surface layer positioned at thefirst surface side of the interlayer film, and the surface layerpositioned at the second surface side of the interlayer film.

From the viewpoint of effectively enhancing the moisture resistance andthe penetration resistance, it is preferred that magnesium and potassiumbe contained in the interlayer film, the surface layer positioned at thefirst surface side of the interlayer film, and the surface layerpositioned at the second surface side of the interlayer film. From theviewpoint of effectively enhancing the moisture resistance and thepenetration resistance, it is preferred that a compound containingmagnesium and a compound containing potassium be contained in theinterlayer film, the surface layer positioned at the first surface sideof the interlayer film, and the surface layer positioned at the secondsurface side of the interlayer film.

The total of the contents of Mg and K in a surface layer, a first layer,a second layer, or a third layer is preferably 5 ppm or more, morepreferably 10 ppm or more, further preferably 20 ppm or more, preferably300 ppm or less, more preferably 250 ppm or less, and further preferably200 ppm or less. When the total of the contents of Mg and K is the abovelower limit or more and the above upper limit or less, the adhesivitybetween the interlayer film and a lamination glass member or theadhesivity between respective layers in the interlayer film can befurther well controlled.

The content of Mg in each of the interlayer film, the surface layerpositioned at the first surface side of the interlayer film, and thesurface layer positioned at the second surface side of the interlayerfilm is preferably 5 ppm or more, more preferably 10 ppm or more,further preferably 20 ppm or more, preferably 300 ppm or less, morepreferably 200 ppm or less, and further preferably 150 ppm or less.

The content of K in each of the interlayer film, the surface layerpositioned at the first surface side of the interlayer film, and thesurface layer positioned at the second surface side of the interlayerfilm is preferably 5 ppm or more, more preferably 10 ppm or more,further preferably 20 ppm or more, preferably 100 ppm or less, morepreferably 50 ppm or less, and further preferably 40 ppm or less.

(Ultraviolet Ray Screening Agent)

It is preferred that the interlayer film include an ultraviolet rayscreening agent. It is preferred that the first layer contain anultraviolet ray screening agent. It is preferred that the second layercontain an ultraviolet ray screening agent. It is preferred that thethird layer contain an ultraviolet ray screening agent. By the use of anultraviolet ray screening agent, even when the interlayer film and thelaminated glass are used for a long period of time, the visible lighttransmittance becomes further difficult to be lowered. One kind of theultraviolet ray screening agent may be used alone, and two or more kindsthereof may be used in combination.

Examples of the ultraviolet ray screening agent include an ultravioletray absorber. It is preferred that the ultraviolet ray screening agentbe an ultraviolet ray absorber.

Examples of the ultraviolet ray screening agent include an ultravioletray screening agent containing a metal atom, an ultraviolet rayscreening agent containing a metal oxide, an ultraviolet ray screeningagent having a benzotriazole structure, an ultraviolet ray screeningagent having a benzophenone structure, an ultraviolet ray screeningagent having a triazine structure, an ultraviolet ray screening agenthaving a malonic acid ester structure, an ultraviolet ray screeningagent having an oxanilide structure, an ultraviolet ray screening agenthaving a benzoate structure, and the like.

Examples of the ultraviolet ray screening agent containing a metal atominclude platinum particles, particles in which the surface of platinumparticles is coated with silica, palladium particles, particles in whichthe surface of palladium particles is coated with silica, and the like.It is preferred that the ultraviolet ray screening agent not be heatshielding particles.

The ultraviolet ray screening agent is preferably an ultraviolet rayscreening agent having a benzotriazole structure, an ultraviolet rayscreening agent having a benzophenone structure, an ultraviolet rayscreening agent having a triazine structure or an ultraviolet rayscreening agent having a benzoate structure, more preferably anultraviolet ray screening agent having a benzotriazole structure or anultraviolet ray screening agent having a benzophenone structure, andfurther preferably an ultraviolet ray screening agent having abenzotriazole structure.

Examples of the ultraviolet ray screening agent containing a metal oxideinclude zinc oxide, titanium oxide, cerium oxide, and the like.Furthermore, with regard to the ultraviolet ray screening agentcontaining a metal oxide, the surface thereof may be coated with anymaterial. Examples of the coating material for the surface of theultraviolet ray screening agent containing a metal oxide include aninsulating metal oxide, a hydrolyzable organosilicon compound, asilicone compound, and the like.

Examples of the ultraviolet ray screening agent having a benzotriazolestructure include ultraviolet ray screening agents having abenzotriazole structure such as2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl)benzotriazole (“Tinuvin P” available fromBASF Japan Ltd.), 2-(2′-hydroxy-3′,5′-di-t-butylphenyl)benzotriazole(“Tinuvin 320” available from BASF Japan Ltd.),2-(2′-hydroxy-3′-t-butyl-5-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole (“Tinuvin326” available from BASF Japan Ltd.) and2-(2′-hydroxy-3′,5′-di-amylphenyl)benzotriazole (“Tinuvin 328” availablefrom BASF Japan Ltd.). It is preferred that the ultraviolet rayscreening agent be an ultraviolet ray screening agent having abenzotriazole structure containing a halogen atom, and it is morepreferred that the ultraviolet ray screening agent be an ultraviolet rayscreening agent having a benzotriazole structure containing a chlorineatom, because those are excellent in ultraviolet ray absorbingperformance.

Examples of the ultraviolet ray screening agent having a benzophenonestructure include octabenzone (“Chimassorb 81” available from BASF JapanLtd.), and the like.

Examples of the ultraviolet ray screening agent having a triazinestructure include “LA-F70” available from ADEKA CORPORATION,2-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2-yl)-5-[(hexyl)oxy]-phenol (“Tinuvin1577FF” available from BASF Japan Ltd.), and the like.

Examples of the ultraviolet ray screening agent having a malonic acidester structure include dimethyl(p-methoxybenzylidene)malonate,tetraethyl-2,2-(1,4-phenylenedimethylidene)bismalonate,2-(p-methoxybenzylidene)-bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl)malonate,and the like.

Examples of a commercial product of the ultraviolet ray screening agenthaving a malonic acid ester structure include Hostavin B-CAP, HostavinPR-25 and Hostavin PR-31 (any of these is available from Clariant JapanK.K.).

Examples of the ultraviolet ray screening agent having an oxanilidestructure include a kind of oxalic acid diamide having a substitutedaryl group and the like on the nitrogen atom such asN-(2-ethylphenyl)-N′-(2-ethoxy-5-t-butylphenyl)oxalic acid diamide,N-(2-ethylphenyl)-N′-(2-ethoxy-phenyl)oxalic acid diamide and2-ethyl-2′-ethoxy-oxanilide (“Sanduvor VSU” available from ClariantJapan K.K.).

Examples of the ultraviolet ray screening agent having a benzoatestructure include2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (“Tinuvin120” available from BASF Japan Ltd.), and the like.

From the viewpoint of further suppressing the lowering in visible lighttransmittance after the lapse of a certain period of time, in 100% byweight of a layer containing the ultraviolet ray screening agent (afirst layer, a second layer or a third layer), the content of theultraviolet ray screening agent is preferably 0.1% by weight or more,more preferably 0.2% by weight or more, further preferably 0.3% byweight or more, especially preferably 0.5% by weight or more, preferably2.5% by weight or less, more preferably 2% by weight or less, furtherpreferably 1% by weight or less and especially preferably 0.8% by weightor less. In particular, by setting the content of the ultraviolet rayscreening agent to be 0.2% by weight or more in 100% by weight of alayer containing the ultraviolet ray screening agent, with regard to theinterlayer film and laminated glass, the lowering in visible lighttransmittance thereof after the lapse of a certain period of time can besignificantly suppressed.

(Oxidation Inhibitor)

It is preferred that the interlayer film include an oxidation inhibitor.It is preferred that the first layer contain an oxidation inhibitor. Itis preferred that the second layer contain an oxidation inhibitor. It ispreferred that the third layer contain an oxidation inhibitor. One kindof the oxidation inhibitor may be used alone, and two or more kindsthereof may be used in combination.

Examples of the oxidation inhibitor include a phenol-based oxidationinhibitor, a sulfur-based oxidation inhibitor, a phosphorus-basedoxidation inhibitor, and the like. The phenol-based oxidation inhibitoris an oxidation inhibitor having a phenol skeleton. The sulfur-basedoxidation inhibitor is an oxidation inhibitor containing a sulfur atom.The phosphorus-based oxidation inhibitor is an oxidation inhibitorcontaining a phosphorus atom.

It is preferred that the oxidation inhibitor be a phenol-based oxidationinhibitor or a phosphorus-based oxidation inhibitor.

Examples of the phenol-based oxidation inhibitor include2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA),2,6-di-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol, stearylβ-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate,2,2′-methylenebis-(4-methyl-6-butylphenol),2,2′-methylenebis-(4-ethyl-6-t-butylphenol),4,4′-butylidene-bis-(3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol),1,1,3-tris-(2-methyl-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl)butane,tetrakis[methylene-3-(3′,5′-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate]methane,1,3,3-tris-(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenol)butane,1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene,bis(3,3′-t-butylphenol)butyric acid glycol ester,bis(3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylbenzenepropanoicacid)ethylenebis(oxyethylene), and the like. One kind or two or morekinds among these oxidation inhibitors are suitably used.

Examples of the phosphorus-based oxidation inhibitor include tridecylphosphite, tris(tridecyl) phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, trinonylphenylphosphite, bis(tridecyl)pentaerithritol diphosphite,bis(decyl)pentaerithritol diphosphite, tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite, bis(2,4-di-t-butyl-6-methylphenyl)ethyl ester phosphorousacid, tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite,2,2′-methylenebis(4,6-di-t-butyl-1-phenyloxy)(2-ethylhexyloxy)phosphorus,and the like. One kind or two or more kinds among these oxidationinhibitors are suitably used.

Examples of a commercial product of the oxidation inhibitor include“IRGANOX 245” available from BASF Japan Ltd., “IRGAFOS 168” availablefrom BASF Japan Ltd., “IRGAFOS 38” available from BASF Japan Ltd.,“Sumilizer BHT” available from Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., “IRGANOX1010” available from BASF Japan Ltd., and the like.

With regard to the interlayer film and laminated glass, in order tomaintain high visible light transmittance thereof over a long period oftime, it is preferred that the content of the oxidation inhibitor be0.1% by weight or more in 100% by weight of the interlayer film or in100% by weight of the layer containing the oxidation inhibitor (a firstlayer, a second layer or a third layer). Moreover, since an effectcommensurate with the addition of an oxidation inhibitor is notattained, it is preferred that the content of the oxidation inhibitor be2% by weight or less in 100% by weight of the interlayer film or in 100%by weight of the layer containing the oxidation inhibitor.

(Other Ingredients)

Each of the first layer, the second layer and the third layer maycontain additives such as a coupling agent containing silicon, aluminumor titanium, a dispersing agent, a surfactant, a flame retardant, anantistatic agent, a pigment, a dye, an adhesive force regulating agent,a moisture-resistance improving agent, a fluorescent brightening agentand an infrared ray absorber, as necessary. One kind of these additivesmay be used alone, and two or more kinds thereof may be used incombination.

(Other Details of Interlayer Film for Laminated Glass)

The thickness of the interlayer film is not particularly limited. Fromthe viewpoint of the practical aspect and the viewpoint of sufficientlyenhancing the penetration resistance of laminated glass, the thicknessof the interlayer film is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably0.25 mm or more, preferably 3 mm or less and more preferably 1.5 mm orless. When the thickness of the interlayer film is the above lower limitor more, the penetration resistance of laminated glass is enhanced. Whenthe thickness of the interlayer film is the above upper limit or less,the transparency of the interlayer film is further improved.

It is preferred that the interlayer film be obtained by melt extrusionmolding.

The production method of the interlayer film is not particularlylimited. In the case of a single-layered interlayer film, examples ofthe production method of the interlayer film include a method ofextruding a resin composition with an extruder. In the case of amulti-layered interlayer film, examples of the production method of theinterlayer film include a method of separately forming respective resincompositions used for constituting respective layers into respectivelayers, and then, for example, layering the respective obtained layers,a method of coextruding respective resin compositions used forconstituting respective layers with an extruder and layering therespective layers, and the like. A production method ofextrusion-molding is preferred because the method is suitable forcontinuous production.

Since the production efficiency of the interlayer film is excellent, itis preferred that respective polyvinyl acetal resins contained in thesecond layer and the third layer be the same as each other, it is morepreferred that respective polyvinyl acetal resins contained in thesecond layer and the third layer be the same as each other andrespective plasticizers contained therein be the same as each other, andit is further preferred that the second layer and the third layer beformed from the same resin composition as each other.

(Laminated Glass)

FIG. 3 is a sectional view schematically showing an example of laminatedglass prepared with the interlayer film for laminated glass shown inFIG. 1.

The laminated glass 31 shown in FIG. 3 is provided with a firstlamination glass member 21, a second lamination glass member 22, and aninterlayer film part 11′. The interlayer film part 11′ is arrangedbetween the first lamination glass member 21 and the second laminationglass member 22 to be sandwiched therebetween.

The interlayer film part 11′ is formed of the interlayer film 11.

The first lamination glass member 21 is layered on a first surface 11 aof the interlayer film part 11′. The second lamination glass member 22is layered on a second surface 11 b opposite to the first surface 11 aof the interlayer film part 11′. The first lamination glass member 21 islayered on an outer surface 2 a of a second layer 2. The secondlamination glass member 22 is layered on an outer surface 3 a of a thirdlayer 3.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view schematically showing an example of laminatedglass prepared with the interlayer film for laminated glass shown inFIG. 2.

The laminated glass 31A shown in FIG. 4 is provided with a firstlamination glass member 21, a second lamination glass member 22 and aninterlayer film part 11A′. The interlayer film part 11A′ is arrangedbetween the first lamination glass member 21 and the second laminationglass member 22 to be sandwiched therebetween.

The interlayer film part 11A′ is formed of the interlayer film 11A.

The first lamination glass member 21 is layered on a first surface 11 aof the interlayer film part 11A′. The second lamination glass member 22is layered on a second surface 11 b opposite to the first surface 11 aof the interlayer film part 11A′.

As described above, the laminated glass is provided with a firstlamination glass member, a second lamination glass member, and aninterlayer film part and the interlayer film part is formed of theinterlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention.In the laminated glass, the above-mentioned interlayer film part isarranged between the first lamination glass member and the secondlamination glass member.

Examples of the lamination glass member include a glass plate, a PET(polyethylene terephthalate) film, and the like. As the laminated glass,laminated glass in which an interlayer film is sandwiched between aglass plate and a PET film or the like, as well as laminated glass inwhich an interlayer film is sandwiched between two glass plates, isincluded. The laminated glass is a laminate provided with a glass plate,and it is preferred that at least one glass plate be used. It ispreferred that each of the first lamination glass member and the secondlamination glass member be a glass plate or a PET film, and thelaminated glass be provided with a glass plate as at least one among thefirst lamination glass member and the second lamination glass member. Itis preferred that both of the first lamination glass member and thesecond lamination glass member be glass plates (a first glass plate anda second glass plate). The interlayer film is arranged between a firstglass plate and a second glass plate to suitably obtain laminated glass.

Examples of the glass plate include a sheet of inorganic glass and asheet of organic glass. Examples of the inorganic glass include floatplate glass, heat ray-absorbing plate glass, heat ray-reflecting plateglass, polished plate glass, figured glass, wired plate glass, and thelike. The organic glass is synthetic resin glass substituted forinorganic glass. Examples of the organic glass include a polycarbonateplate, a poly(meth)acrylic resin plate, and the like. Examples of thepoly(meth)acrylic resin plate include a polymethyl (meth)acrylate plate,and the like.

The thickness of the lamination glass member is preferably 1 mm or more,preferably 5 mm or less, and more preferably 3 mm or less. Moreover,when the lamination glass member is a glass plate, the thickness of theglass plate is preferably 0.5 mm or more, more preferably 0.7 mm ormore, preferably 5 mm or less, and more preferably 3 mm or less. Whenthe lamination glass member is a PET film, the thickness of the PET filmis preferably 0.03 mm or more and preferably 0.5 mm or less.

The method for producing the laminated glass is not particularlylimited. For example, the interlayer film is sandwiched between thefirst lamination glass member and the second lamination glass member,and then, passed through pressure rolls or subjected to decompressionsuction in a rubber bag, so that the air remaining between the first andthe second lamination glass members and the interlayer film is removed.Afterward, the members are preliminarily bonded together at about 70 to110° C. to obtain a laminate. Next, by putting the laminate into anautoclave or by pressing the laminate, the members are press-bondedtogether at about 120 to 150° C. and under a pressure of 1 to 1.5 MPa.In this way, laminated glass can be obtained. At the time of producingthe laminated glass, a first layer, a second layer and a third layer maybe layered.

Each of the interlayer film and the laminated glass can be used forautomobiles, railway vehicles, aircraft, ships, buildings and the like.Each of the interlayer film and the laminated glass can also be used forapplications other than these applications. It is preferred that theinterlayer film and the laminated glass be an interlayer film andlaminated glass for vehicles or for building respectively, and it ismore preferred that the interlayer film and the laminated glass be aninterlayer film and laminated glass for vehicles respectively. Each ofthe interlayer film and the laminated glass can be used for awindshield, side glass, rear glass or roof glass of an automobile, andthe like. The interlayer film and the laminated glass are suitably usedfor automobiles. The interlayer film is used for obtaining laminatedglass of an automobile.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail withreference to examples. The present invention is not limited only tothese examples.

The following materials were used in examples and comparative examples.

(Thermoplastic Resin)

Polyvinyl acetal resins shown in the following Table 2 wereappropriately used. In all polyvinyl acetal resins used, n-butyraldehydewhich has 4 carbon atoms is used for the acetalization.

With regard to the polyvinyl acetal resin, the acetalization degree (thebutyralization degree), the acetylation degree, and the content of thehydroxyl group were measured by a method in accordance with JIS K6728“Testing methods for polyvinyl butyral”. In this connection, even in thecases of being measured according to ASTM D1396-92, numerical valuessimilar to those obtained by a method in accordance with JIS K6728“Testing methods for polyvinyl butyral” were exhibited.

(Plasticizer)

3GO (triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate)

D931 (bis(2-butoxyethyl) adipate)

(Metal Salt)

Magnesium acetate

Potassium acetate

Magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate

Potassium 2-ethylhexanoate

Magnesium 2-ethylhexanoate

(Ultraviolet Ray Screening Agent)

Tinuvin 326(2-(2′-hydroxy-3′-t-butyl-5-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole,“Tinuvin 326” available from BASF Japan Ltd.)

(Oxidation Inhibitor)

BHT (2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol)

(Heat Shielding Compound (Infrared Ray Absorber))

ITO (indium tin oxide) (heat shielding particles)

Vanadyl phthalocyanine (a phthalocyanine compound containing a vanadiumatom)

Example 1

Preparation of Composition for Forming Interlayer Film:

One hundred parts by weight of a polyvinyl acetal resin of a kind shownin the following Table 2, 40 parts by weight of a plasticizer of a kindshown in the following Table 2, 0.2 parts by weight of an ultravioletray screening agent (Tinuvin 326), magnesium acetate in an amount thatthe content of magnesium in the resulting interlayer film becomes 70ppm, and 0.2 parts by weight of an oxidation inhibitor (BHT) were mixedto obtain a composition for forming an interlayer film.

Preparation of Interlayer Film:

Using an extruder, the composition for forming an interlayer film waskneaded for 90 seconds at 200° C. to be extruded. A sheet extruded wasimmersed in warm water at 40° C. for 30 seconds, after which, by makingthe sheet pass through a cooling roll, the surface temperature thereofwas decreased to 10° C. to prepare a single-layered interlayer film (760μm in thickness).

Preparation of Laminated Glass:

Two washed and dried sheets of transparent float glass (15 cm inlongitudinal length×15 cm in transversal length×2.5 mm in thickness)were prepared. The obtained interlayer film was sandwiched between thetwo glass plates to obtain a laminate. The obtained laminate was putinto a bag and the inside of the vacuum bag was degassed at a degree ofvacuum of 933.2 hPa and at ordinary temperature (23° C.). Subsequently,the temperature inside the vacuum bag was elevated to 100° C. whilemaintaining the degassed state, and after the temperature reached 100°C., the laminate was held for 20 minutes. Afterward, the vacuum bag wasallowed to spontaneously cool and it was confirmed that the temperaturewas lowered to 30° C., after which the pressure was released to theatmosphere.

The laminated glass preliminarily press-bonded by the above-mentionedvacuum bag method was press-bonded for 20 minutes under conditions of135° C. and a pressure of 1.2 MPa using an autoclave to obtain a sheetof laminated glass.

Examples 2 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1, 2

In Examples 2 to 11 and Comparative Example 1, a single-layeredinterlayer film was prepared in the same manner as that in Example 1except that the kind of ingredients to be blended and the contentthereof were set to those listed in the following Table 2. With the useof the obtained interlayer film, a sheet of laminated glass providedwith the interlayer film was prepared in the same manner as that inExample 1.

In Comparative Example 1, a single-layered interlayer film was preparedin the same manner as that in Example 2 except that the time forkneading a composition at 200° C. using an extruder was changed to 180seconds. With the use of the obtained interlayer film, a sheet oflaminated glass provided with the interlayer film was prepared in thesame manner as that in Example 1.

Moreover, in Examples 2 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, each ofthe ultraviolet ray screening agent and the oxidation inhibitor of thesame kind as that in Example 1 was blended in the same blending amount(0.2 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinylacetal resin) as that in Example 1.

In Example 2 and Comparative Example 1, magnesium acetate in an amountthat the content of magnesium derived from magnesium acetate in theresulting interlayer film becomes 35 ppm was used and magnesium2-ethylbutyrate in an amount that the content of magnesium derived frommagnesium 2-ethylbutyrate in the resulting interlayer film becomes 35ppm was used. In Example 3, magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate in an amount thatthe content of magnesium in the resulting interlayer film becomes 35 ppmwas used and potassium acetate in an amount that the content ofpotassium in the resulting interlayer film becomes 50 ppm was used.

In Example 4, magnesium acetate in an amount that the content ofmagnesium in the resulting interlayer film becomes 20 ppm was used andpotassium 2-ethylhexanoate in an amount that the content of potassium inthe resulting interlayer film becomes 80 ppm was used. In Example 5,magnesium acetate in an amount that the content of magnesium in theresulting interlayer film becomes 60 ppm was used and magnesium2-ethylhexanoate in an amount that the content of magnesium in theresulting interlayer film becomes 60 ppm was used. In Example 6,magnesium acetate in an amount that the content of magnesium in theresulting interlayer film becomes 40 ppm was used and magnesium2-ethylhexanoate in an amount that the content of magnesium in theresulting interlayer film becomes 80 ppm was used. In ComparativeExample 2, magnesium acetate in an amount that the content of magnesiumin the resulting interlayer film becomes 20 ppm was used and potassiumacetate in an amount that the content of potassium in the resultinginterlayer film becomes 200 ppm was used. In Example 7, magnesiumacetate in an amount that the content of magnesium in the resultinginterlayer film becomes 35 ppm was used and magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate inan amount that the content of magnesium in the resulting interlayer filmbecomes 35 ppm was used. In Example 8, magnesium acetate in an amountthat the content of magnesium in the resulting interlayer film becomes35 ppm was used and magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate in an amount that thecontent of magnesium in the resulting interlayer film becomes 35 ppm wasused. In Example 9, magnesium acetate in an amount that the content ofmagnesium in the resulting interlayer film becomes 45 ppm was used andmagnesium 2-ethylbutyrate in an amount that the content of magnesium inthe resulting interlayer film becomes 25 ppm was used. In Example 10,magnesium acetate in an amount that the content of magnesium in theresulting interlayer film becomes 40 ppm was used. In Example 11,magnesium acetate in an amount that the content of magnesium in theresulting interlayer film becomes 40 ppm was used.

In Example 8, the amount of a heat shielding compound, shown in thefollowing Table 2, used in 100% by weight of the resulting interlayerfilm was set to an amount shown in the following Table 2.

(Evaluation)

(1) TOF-SIMS Evaluation

With the use of TOF-SIMS, a portion on a first surface of the interlayerfilm was measured for Ratio₀ of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensityof Thermoplastic Resin (Polyvinyl Acetal Resin). Next, a sputtering andmeasurement process in which the first surface portion measured forRatio₀ is subjected to sputtering one time and measured for Ratio of IonIntensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin (PolyvinylAcetal Resin) with the use of TOF-SIMS was performed n times to collectn Ratio_(n)s of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin (Polyvinyl Acetal Resin) obtained from the first ton-th sputtering and measurement processes. Measurement conditions are asdefined above.

Moreover, the interlayer film was heated for 0.5 hours at 150° C.Specifically, a fluororesin sheet (“Article number 7-363” available fromAS ONE Corporation, 5 mm in thickness) was placed inside a hot air dryer(a program constant-temperature drying oven “Model type DO-600FPA”available from AS ONE Corporation) at 150° C. to be preheated for 20minutes, and on the fluororesin sheet preheated, the interlayer film wasfreely laid to be heated for 0.5 hours at 150° C. The interlayer filmwas spontaneously cooled to 23° C., after which a portion on the firstsurface of the interlayer film heated was measured for Ratio_(Heat 0) ofIon Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin(Polyvinyl Acetal Resin) with the use of TOF-SIMS. Next, a sputteringand measurement process in which the first surface portion measured forRatio_(Heat 0) is subjected to sputtering one time and measured forRatio of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin(Polyvinyl Acetal Resin) with the use of TOF-SIMS was performed q timesto collect q Ratio_(Heat q)s of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensityof Thermoplastic Resin (Polyvinyl Acetal Resin) obtained from the firstto q-th sputtering and measurement processes. Measurement conditions areas defined above. In this connection, a portion on the first surface tobe subjected to measurement before the interlayer film is heated for 0.5hours at 150° C. and a portion on the first surface to be subjected tomeasurement after the interlayer film is heated for 0.5 hours at 150° C.existed on the same surface at a surface layer side of the interlayerfilm, but the two portions were made to exist at different locations. Asurface at the opposite side of an interlayer film surface which hadbeen brought into contact with the fluororesin sheet when the interlayerfilm was heated was made the first surface. When a portion on the secondsurface of the interlayer film is measured, the fluororesin sheet wasbrought into contact with the first surface of the interlayer film so asnot to be brought into contact with the second surface when theinterlayer film was heated.

(2) Moisture Resistance

The sheet of laminated glass obtained was allowed to settle for twoweeks under an environment of 80° C. and a humidity of 95% RH, afterwhich the length of a whitened portion extending from the midpoint ofeach of four sides of the sheet of laminated glass was measured. Amongfour measured values of the length of a whitened portion extending fromthe midpoint of each of four sides of the sheet of laminated glass, thelargest value of the length of a whitened portion was evaluated.

(3) Adhesive Force (Pummel)

The obtained interlayer films were allowed to stand under high humidityto obtain an interlayer film with a water content of 0.5% by weight andan interlayer film with a water content of 0.7% by weight.

Two washed and dried sheets of transparent float glass (15 cm inlongitudinal length×30 cm in transversal length×2.5 mm in thickness)were prepared. The interlayer film adjusted in its water content wassandwiched between the two glass plates to obtain a laminate. Theobtained laminate, was put into a bag and the inside of the vacuum bagwas degassed at a degree of vacuum of 933.2 hPa and at ordinarytemperature (23° C.) Subsequently, the temperature inside the vacuum bagwas elevated to 100° C. while maintaining the degassed state, and afterthe temperature reached 100° C., the laminate was held for 20 minutes.Afterward, the vacuum bag was allowed to spontaneously cool and it wasconfirmed that the temperature was lowered to 30° C., after which thepressure was released to the atmosphere.

The laminated glass preliminarily press-bonded by the above-mentionedvacuum bag method was press-bonded for 20 minutes under conditions of135° C. and a pressure of 1.2 MPa using an autoclave to obtain a sheetof laminated glass.

The obtained sheet of laminated glass (15 cm in longitudinal length×30cm in transversal length) was stored at −18° C.±0.6° C. for 16 hours.The center part (the area of 15 cm in longitudinal length×15 cm intransversal length) of the sheet of laminated glass after storage wasstruck and broken by a hammer with a head of 0.45 kg until broken piecesof glass were allowed to have a particle diameter of 6 mm or less. Thecenter part (the area of 15 cm in longitudinal length×15 cm intransversal length) of the sheet of laminated glass was broken, afterwhich the degree of exposure of the interlayer film (% by area) wasmeasured to determine the pummel value according to the followingTable 1. An average value of 6 measured values was adopted as the pummelvalue.

TABLE 1 Degree of exposure of interlayer Pummel film (% by area) value 90 < Degree of exposure ≤ 100 1 85 < Degree of exposure ≤ 90 2 60 <Degree of exposure ≤ 85 3 40 < Degree of exposure ≤ 60 4 20 < Degree ofexposure ≤ 40 5 10 < Degree of exposure ≤ 20 6  5 < Degree of exposure ≤10 7 2 < Degree of exposure ≤ 5 8    Degree of exposure ≤ 2 9

The results are shown in the following Table 2. In this connection, inthe following Table 2, the description of ingredients to be blendedother than the thermoplastic resin (polyvinyl acetal resin), theplasticizer, and the metal salt was omitted.

TABLE 2 Comparative Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 1 Example 4Example 5 Example 6 Inter- Polyvinyl Content (parts 100 100 100 100 100100 100 layer acetal by weight) film resin Average 1700 1700 1700 17001700 1700 1700 polycerization degree Content of 30.5 30.5 30.5 30.5 30.530.5 30.5 hydroxyl group (mol %) Acetalization 68.7 68.7 68.7 68.7 68.768.7 68.7 degree (mol %) Acetylation 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 degree(mol %) Plasticizer Kind 1 3GO 3GO 3GO 3GO 3GO 3GO 3GO Content (parts 4040 40 40 40 40 40 by weight) Kind 2 — — — — — — — Content (parts — — — —— — — by weight) Metal salt Magnesium Magnesium Magnesium MagnesiumMagnesium Magnesium Magnesium Magnesium salt 1 acetate acetate 2-ethyl-acetate acetate acetate acetate butyrate Magnesium — Magnesium —Magnesium — Magnesium Magnesium salt 2 2-ethyl- 2-ethyl- 2-ethyl-2-ethyl- butyrate butyrate hexanoate hexancate Potassium — — Potassium —Potassium — — salt acetate 2-ethyl- hexanoate Content of 70 35 35 35 2060 40 magnesium 1 (ppm) Content of — 35 — 35 — 60 80 magnesium 2 (ppm)Content of — — 50 — 80 — — potassium (ppm) Heat Kind 1 — — — — — — —shielding Content (% — — — — — — — compound by weight) Kind 2 — — — — —— — Content (% — — — — — — — by weight) Evalua- TOF- Average 0.00140.0021 0.0035 0.0064 0.0021 0.0063 0.0018 tion SIMS value_(3.6) measure-Average 0.0061 0.0097 0.0071 0.0042 0.0039 0.0088 0.0081 mentvalue_(3.6) n-th Process 144 136 63 13 94 139 148 in which largest valueamong 150 values of Ration_(3.6) is obtained Moisture resistance (length5 3 5 2 2 3 3 of whitened portion (mm) Adhesive Water content 5 3 4 9 65 5 force 0.5% by weight (Pummel) Water content 4 5 4 9 6 6 6 0.7% byweight Comparative Example 2 Example 7 Example 8 Example 9 Example 10Example 11 Inter- Polyvinyl Content (parts 100 100 100 100 100 100 layeracetal by weight) film resin Average 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700 1700polycerization degree Content of 30.5 30.5 30.5 30.5 30.5 30.5 hydroxylgroup (mol %) Acetalization 68.7 68.7 68.7 68.7 68.7 68.7 degree (mol %)Acetylation 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 degree (mol %) Plasticizer Kind 13GO 3GO 3GO 3GO 3GO 3GO Content (parts 40 40 40 40 36 38 by weight) Kind2 — — — — D931 D931 Content (parts — — — — 4 2 by weight) Metal saltMagnesium Magnesium Magnesium Magnesium Magnesium Magnesium Magnesiumsalt 1 acetate acetate acetate acetate acetate acetate Magnesium —Magnesium Magnesium Magnesium — — salt 2 2-ethyl- 2-ethyl- 2-ethyl-butyrate butyrate butyrate Potassium Potassium — — — — — salt acetateContent of 20 35 35 45 40 40 magnesium 1 (ppm) Content of — 35 35 25 — —magnesium 2 (ppm) Content of 200 — — — — — potassium (ppm) Heat Kind 1 —— ITO — — — shielding Content (% — — 0.15 — — — compound by weight) Kind2 — — Vanadyl — — — phthalocyanine Content (% — — 0.01 — — — by weight)Evalua- TOF- Average 0.0300 0.0086 0.0057 0.0045 0.0240 0.0079 tion SIMSvalue_(3.6) measure- Average 0.003 0.0287 0.0127 0.0153 0.0419 0.0419ment value_(3.6) n-th Process 7 62 16 15 4 5 in which largest valueamong 150 values of Ration_(3.6) is obtained Moisture resistance (length2 4 4 4 3 3 of whitened portion (mm) Adhesive Water content 8 3 3 4 4 4force 0.5% by weight (Pummel) Water content 7 5 5 4 4 4 0.7% by weight

In this connection, in Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 and2, a single-layered interlayer film was prepared so that the firstsurface and the second surface, which constitute both surface sides ofthe single-layered interlayer film, were made to be the same as eachother. Although the evaluation result of the TOF-SIMS evaluation at thefirst surface side was shown, the TOF-SIMS evaluation result at thesecond surface side was determined to be approximately the same as theevaluation result of the TOF-SIMS evaluation at the first surface side.Moreover, since a heat shielding compound was used in Example 8, theinterlayer film was determined to be excellent in heat shieldingproperties.

EXPLANATION OF SYMBOLS

-   -   1: First layer    -   1 a: First surface    -   1 b: Second surface    -   2: Second layer    -   2 a: Outer surface    -   3: Third layer    -   3 a: Outer surface    -   11: Interlayer film    -   11′: Interlayer film part    -   11A: Interlayer film (First layer)    -   11A′: Interlayer film part    -   11 a: First surface    -   11 b: Second surface    -   21: First lamination glass member    -   22: Second lamination glass member    -   31: Laminated glass    -   31A: Laminated glass

1. An interlayer film for laminated glass, having a one-layer structureor a two or more-layer structure and containing a thermoplastic resin,when a portion on a first surface of the interlayer film is measured forRatio₀ of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of ThermoplasticResin with the use of TOF-SIMS, then, a sputtering and measurementprocess in which the first surface portion measured for Ratio₀ issubjected to sputtering one time and measured for Ratio of Ion Intensityof Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin with the use ofTOF-SIMS is performed n times and n Ratio_(n)s of Ion Intensity ofMagnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin obtained from the firstto n-th sputtering and measurement processes are collected to calculatean average value_(1≤n≤10) of 10 values of Ratio_(1≤n≤10) to measuredwithin a range of 1≤n≤10, furthermore, after the interlayer film isheated for 0.5 hours at 150° C., a portion on the first surface of theinterlayer film heated is measured for Ratio_(Heat 0) of Ion Intensityof Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin with the use ofTOF-SIMS, and then, a sputtering and measurement process in which thefirst surface portion measured for Ratio_(Heat 0) is subjected tosputtering one time and measured for Ratio of Ion Intensity ofMagnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin with the use of TOF-SIMSis performed q times and q Ratio_(Heat q)s of Ion Intensity ofMagnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin obtained from the firstto q-th sputtering and measurement processes are collected to calculatean average value_(Heat 1≤q≤10) of 10 values of Ratio_(Heat 1≤q≤10)measured within a range of 1≤q≤10, the average value_(Heat 1≤q≤10) tobeing larger than the average value_(1≤n≤10).
 2. The interlayer film forlaminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the largest value among150 values of Ratio_(1≤n≤150) measured within a range of 1≤n≤150 ismeasured within a range of 2≤n≤150.
 3. The interlayer film for laminatedglass according to claim 2, wherein the largest value among 150 valuesof Ratio_(1≤n≤150) measured within a range of 1≤n≤150 is measured withina range of 30≤n≤150.
 4. The interlayer film for laminated glassaccording to claim 1, wherein the content of magnesium in a surfacelayer positioned at the first surface side is 200 ppm or less.
 5. Theinterlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein thecontent of potassium in a surface layer positioned at the first surfaceside is 50 ppm or less.
 6. The interlayer film for laminated glassaccording to claim 1, wherein a surface layer positioned at the firstsurface side contains magnesium acetate.
 7. The interlayer film forlaminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic resin isa polyvinyl acetal resin.
 8. The interlayer film for laminated glassaccording to claim 1, wherein, when a portion on a second surface of theinterlayer film is measured for Ratio₀ of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/IonIntensity of Thermoplastic Resin with the use of TOF-SIMS, then, asputtering and measurement process in which the second surface portionmeasured for Ratio₀ is subjected to sputtering one time and measured forRatio of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resinwith the use of TOF-SIMS is performed m times and m Ratio_(m)s of IonIntensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin obtainedfrom the first to m-th sputtering and measurement processes arecollected to calculate an average value_(1≤m≤10) of 10 values ofRatio_(1≤m≤10) to measured within a range of 1≤m≤10, furthermore, afterthe interlayer film is heated for 0.5 hours at 150° C., a portion on thesecond surface of the interlayer film heated is measured forRatio_(Heat 0) of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity ofThermoplastic Resin with the use of TOF-SIMS, and then, a sputtering andmeasurement process in which the second surface portion measured forRatio_(Heat 0) is subjected to sputtering one time and measured forRatio of Ion Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resinwith the use of TOF-SIMS is performed p times and p Ratio_(Heat p)s ofIon Intensity of Magnesium/Ion Intensity of Thermoplastic Resin obtainedfrom the first to p-th sputtering and measurement processes arecollected to calculate an average value_(Heat 1≤p≤10) of 10 values ofRatio_(Heat 1≤p≤10) measured within a range of 1≤p≤10, the averagevalue_(Heat 1≤p≤10) is larger than the average value_(1≤m≤10). 9.Laminated glass, comprising: a first lamination glass member; a secondlamination glass member; and an interlayer film part arranged betweenthe first lamination glass member and the second lamination glassmember, the interlayer film part being formed of the interlayer film forlaminated glass according to claim 1.